Iz Wikipedije, proste enciklopedije
-
Z
Element
Simbol
Pogostost v litosferi[1]
Relativni delež (ppm)[2]
Proporcija (ppm)[3]
Proporcija (ppm)[4]
Proporcija (ppm)[5]
Proizvodnja (2012, v tonah)[6]
1
8
kisik
O
460,000
474,000
460,000
467,100
461,000
2
14
silicij [A]
Si
277,200
277,100
270,000
276,900
282,000
7,600,000
3
13
aluminij
Al
81,300
82,000
82,000
80,700
82,300
44,900,000
4
26
železo
Fe
50,000
41,000
63,000
50,500
56,300
1,100,000,000
5
20
kalcij
Ca
36,300
41,000
50,000
36,500
41,500
6
11
natrij
Na
28,300
23,000
23,000
27,500
23,600
280,000,000
7
19
kalij
K
25,900
21,000
15,000
25,800
20,900
34,000
8
12
magnezij
Mg
20,900
23,000
29,000
20,800
23,300
750,000
9
22
titan
Ti
4,400
5,600
6,600
6,200
5,600
6,500,000
10
1
vodik
H
1,400
1,500
1,400
1,400
11
15
fosfor
P
1,200
1,000
1,000
1,300
1,050
12
25
mangan
Mn
1,000
950
1,100
900
950
16,000,000
13
9
fluor
F
800
950
540
290
585
14
56
barij
Ba
500
340
500
425
15
6
ogljik [B]
C
300
480
1,800
940
200
16
38
stroncij
Sr
370
360
370
380,000
17
16
žveplo
S
500
260
420
520
350
70,000,000
18
40
cirkonij
Zr
190
130
250
165
1,420,000
19
74
volfram
W
160.6
1.1
1.25
73,000
20
23
vanadij
V
100
160
190
120
63,000
21
17
klor
Cl
500
130
170
450
145
280,000,000
22
24
krom
Cr
100
100
140
350
102
24,000,000
23
37
rubidij
Rb
300
90
60
90
24
28
nikelj
Ni
80
90
190
84
2,100,000
25
30
cink
Zn
75
79
70
13,000,000
26
29
baker
Cu
100
50
68
60
17,000,000
27
58
cerij
Ce
68
60
66.5
28
60
neodim
Nd
38
33
41.5
29
57
lantan
La
32
34
39
30
39
itrij
Y
30
29
33
8,900
31
7
dušik
N
50
25
20
19
137,000,000
32
27
kobalt
Co
20
30
25
110,000
33
3
litij
Li
20
17
20
37,000
34
41
niobij
Nb
20
17
20
69,000
35
31
galij
Ga
18
19
19
36
21
skandij
Sc
16
26
22
37
82
svinec
Pb
14
10
14
5,200,000
38
62
samarij
Sm
7.9
6
7.05
39
90
torij
Th
12
6
9.6
40
59
prazeodim
Pr
9.5
8.7
9.2
41
5
bor
B
950
8.7
10
4,600,000
42
64
gadolinij
Gd
7.7
5.2
6.2
43
66
disprozij
Dy
6
6.2
5.2
44
72
hafnij
Hf
5.3
3.3
3.0
45
68
erbij
Er
3.8
3.0
3.5
46
70
iterbij
Yb
3.3
2.8
3.2
47
55
cezij
Cs
3
1.9
3
48
4
berilij
Be
2.6
1.9
2.8
230
49
50
kositer
Sn
0
2.2
2.2
2.3
230,000
50
63
evropij
Eu
2.1
1.8
2.0
51
92
uran
U
0
1.8
2.7
66,512
52
73
tantal
Ta
2
1.7
2.0
765
53
32
germanij
Ge
1.8
1.4
1.5
128
54
42
molibden
Mo
1.5
1.1
1.2
250,000
55
33
arzen
As
1.5
2.1
1.8
44,000
56
67
holmij
Ho
1.4
1.2
1.3
57
65
terbij
Tb
1.1
0.94
1.2
58
69
tulij
Tm
0.48
0.45
0.52
59
35
brom
Br
0.37
3
2.4
580,000
60
81
talij
Tl
0.6
0.530
0.850
10
61
71
lutecij [7]
Lu
0.5
62
51
antimon
Sb
0.2
0.2
0.2
180,000
63
53
jod
I
0.14
0.490
0.450
28,000
64
48
kadmij
Cd
0.11
0.15
0.15
23,000
65
47
srebro
Ag
0.070
0.080
0.075
24,000
66
80
živo srebro
Hg
0.05
0.067
0.085
1,600
67
34
selen
Se
0.05
0.05
0.05
2,000
68
49
indij
In
0.049
0.160
0.250
670
69
83
bizmut
Bi
0.048
0.025
0.0085
7,400
70
52
telur
Te
0.005
0.001
0.001
71
78
platina
Pt
0.003
0.0037
0.005
179
72
79
zlato
Au
0.0011
0.0031
0.004
2,700
73
44
rutenij
Ru
0.001
0.001
0.001
74
46
paladij
Pd
0.0006
0.0063
0.015
200
75
75
renij
Re
0.0004
0.0026
0.0007
52
76
77
iridij
Ir
0.0003
0.0004
0.001
77
45
rodij
Rh
0.0002
0.0007
0.001
78
76
osmij
Os
0.0001
0.0018
0.0015
↑ 5,000 tonnes of annual production is electronic grade
↑ sum of carbon content of coal, crude oil and natural gas
↑ »Elements, Terrestrial Abundance« . www.daviddarling.info. Arhivirano iz spletišča dne 10. aprila 2007. Pridobljeno 14. aprila 2007 .
↑ Barbalace, Kenneth. »Periodic Table of Elements« . Environmental Chemistry.com. Pridobljeno 14. aprila 2007 . [mrtva povezava ]
↑ »Abundance in Earth's Crust« . WebElements.com. Arhivirano iz spletišča dne 9. marca 2007. Pridobljeno 14. aprila 2007 .
↑
»List of Periodic Table Elements Sorted by Abundance in Earth's crust« . Israel Science and Technology Homepage. Pridobljeno 15. aprila 2007 .
↑ »It's Elemental — The Periodic Table of Elements« . Jefferson Lab. Arhivirano iz spletišča dne 29. aprila 2007. Pridobljeno 14. aprila 2007 .
↑ Commodity Statistics and Information . USGS. All production numbers are for mines, except for Al, Cd, Fe, Ge, In, N, Se (plants, refineries), S (all forms) and As, Br, Mg, Si (unspecified). Data for B, K, Ti, Y are given not for the pure element but for the most common oxide, data for Na and Cl are for NaCl. For many elements like Si, Al, data are ambiguos (many forms produced) and are taken for the pure element. U data is pure element required for consumption by current reactor fleet [1] Arhivirano 2017-10-01 na Wayback Machine .. WNA.
↑ Emsley, John (2001). Nature's building blocks: an A-Z guide to the elements . Oxford University Press. str. 240–242. ISBN 0-19-850341-5 .